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The second vaccine, an oral polio vaccine (OPV), is a live-attenuated vaccine, produced by the passage of the virus through non-human cells at a sub-physiological temperature. The passage of virus produces mutations within the viral genome, and hinders the virus's ability to infect nervous tissue. [6]
Poliomyelitis (/ ˌ p oʊ l i oʊ ˌ m aɪ ə ˈ l aɪ t ɪ s / POH-lee-oh-MY-ə-LY-tiss), commonly shortened to polio, is an infectious disease caused by the poliovirus. [1] Approximately 75% of cases are asymptomatic; [5] mild symptoms which can occur include sore throat and fever; in a proportion of cases more severe symptoms develop such as headache, neck stiffness, and paresthesia.
However, under conditions of long-term vaccine virus circulation in under-vaccinated populations, mutations can reactivate the virus to produce a polio-inducing strain, while OPV can also, in rare circumstances, induce polio or persistent asymptomatic infection in vaccinated individuals, particularly those who are immunodeficient. IPV, being ...
Up to 40% of polio survivors get PPS, which begins 15 to 40 years after infection. Seek emergency medical care if you suspect you or a loved one has developed polio symptoms. How is polio treated?
After the vaccines — there are two: trivalent inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV), introduced in 1955, and trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) in 1963 — the number of polio cases ...
Despite eradication in recent years, the polio virus is a deadly illness which wreaked havoc in the UK in the 1950s. ... The epidemics ended with the introduction of the oral polio vaccine in 1962.
A child receives oral polio vaccine during a 2002 campaign to immunize children in India. Poliovirus. Polio eradication, the goal of permanent global cessation of circulation of the poliovirus and hence elimination of the poliomyelitis (polio) it causes, is the aim of a multinational public health effort begun in 1988, led by the World Health Organization (WHO), the United Nations Children's ...
The last case of natural polio infection acquired in the UK was in 1984. The UK stopped using live oral polio vaccine (OPV) in 2004 and switched to inactivated polio vaccine (IPV). Show comments