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Tribal sovereignty in the United States is the concept of the inherent authority of Indigenous tribes to govern themselves within the borders of the United States. The U.S. federal government recognized American Indian tribes as independent nations and came to policy agreements with them via treaties .
As the Department of the Interior explains, "federally recognized tribes are recognized as possessing certain inherent rights of self-government (i.e., tribal sovereignty)...." [4] The constitution grants to the U.S. Congress the right to interact with tribes. More specifically, the Supreme Court of the United States in United States v.
This is a list of U.S. Supreme Court cases involving Native American Tribes.Included in the list are Supreme Court cases that have a major component that deals with the relationship between tribes, between a governmental entity and tribes, tribal sovereignty, tribal rights (including property, hunting, fishing, religion, etc.) and actions involving members of tribes.
In 2020, the United States Supreme Court ruled in McGirt v. Oklahoma that the tribal statistical area (and former reservation) of the Muscogee (Creek) Nation remains under the tribal sovereignty of the Muscogee (Creek) Nation for the purposes of the Major Crimes Act. [30] [31] Federal civil jurisdiction is very limited in Indian country.
Executive Order 13175 reiterates certain fundamental principles in tribal policy, including that the United States maintains a unique relationship with tribes as dependent nations. [7] This relationship is governed by the acknowledgement of tribal self-government, sovereignty, and self-determination . [ 7 ]
As the Department of the Interior explains, "federally recognized tribes are recognized as possessing certain inherent rights of self-government (i.e., tribal sovereignty)...." [1] The constitution grants to the U.S. Congress the right to interact with tribes. More specifically, the Supreme Court of the United States in United States v.
Prucha, Francis Paul, ed. Documents of United States Indian Policy (3rd ed. 2000) Prucha, Francis Paul. American Indian Treaties: The History of a Political Anomaly (1997) excerpt and text search; Prucha, Francis Paul. The Great Father: The United States Government and the American Indians (abridged edition, 1986) Ruppel, Kristin T. (2007).
Indian country is any of the many self-governing Native American/American Indian communities throughout the United States. As a legal category, it includes "all land within the limits of any Indian reservation ", "all dependent Indian communities within the borders of the United States", and "all Indian allotments, the Indian titles to which ...