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Basic stocks are usually named for the primary meat type. A distinction is usually made between fond blanc, or white stock, made by using raw bones and mirepoix, and fond brun, or brown stock, which gets its color by roasting the bones and mirepoix before boiling; the bones may also be coated in tomato paste before roasting.
Traditionally, the weight ratio for mirepoix is 2:1:1 of onions, celery, and carrots; [1] the ratio for bones to mirepoix for stock is 10:1. [citation needed] When making a white stock, or fond blanc, parsnips are used instead of carrots to maintain the pale color. [citation needed]
In older recipes the veal was roast and allowed to go cold before being sliced or chopped, covered in a white sauce and reheated. [23] Eliza Acton 's 1858 recipe includes mushrooms gently sautéed in butter and served over the veal with Sauce Tournée (also called velouté). [ 24 ]
According the Larousse Gastronomique, a seminal work of French haute cuisine, first published in 1938, suprême sauce is made from the mother sauce velouté (white stock thickened with a white roux [2] —in the case of suprême sauce, chicken stock is usually preferred), reduced with heavy cream or crème fraîche, and then strained through a fine sieve.
Sauce vin blanc: has the addition of fish trim, egg yolks, and butter and, typically, it is served with fish. [5] Suprême sauce: by adding a reduction of mushroom liquor (produced in cooking) and cream to a chicken velouté; Venetian sauce: tarragon, shallots, chervil; Wine sauce: such as white wine sauce and champagne sauce [6]
The culinary term fond, French for "base" or "foundation", refers to this sauce. [3] (In the United States, fond may also be used interchangeably with sucs. [4]) The flavour is determined chiefly by the meat, the liquid used for deglazing, and any flavouring or finishing ingredients added, such as aromatics, herbs, or butter.
Demi-glace being reduced. Due to the considerable effort involved in making the traditional demi-glace, chefs commonly substitute a simple jus lié of veal stock or to create a simulated version, which the American cookbook author Julia Child referred to as a "semi-demi-glace" (i.e. sans espagnole sauce).
A dark roux in development A white roux A roux-based sauce. Roux (/ r uː /) is a mixture of flour and fat cooked together and used to thicken sauces. [1] Roux is typically made from equal parts of flour and fat by weight. [2] The flour is added to the melted fat or oil on the stove top, blended until smooth, and cooked to the desired level of ...