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The gizzard, also referred to as the ventriculus, gastric mill, and gigerium, is an organ found in the digestive tract of some animals, including archosaurs (birds and other dinosaurs, crocodiles, alligators, pterosaurs), earthworms, some gastropods, some fish, and some crustaceans.
Iresine herbstii, or Herbst's bloodleaf, [1] is a species of flowering plant in the family Amaranthaceae. Some call this plant the chicken gizzard plant . [ 2 ]
Stylised diagram of insect digestive tract showing Malpighian tubule (Orthopteran type) Stomatodeum (foregut): This region stores, grinds and transports food to the next region. [7] Included in this are the buccal cavity, the pharynx, the oesophagus, the crop (stores food), and proventriculus or gizzard (grinds food). [4]
A gastrolith, also called a stomach stone or gizzard stone, is a rock held inside a gastrointestinal tract. Gastroliths in some species are retained in the muscular gizzard and used to grind food in animals lacking suitable grinding teeth. In other species the rocks are ingested and pass through the digestive system and are frequently replaced.
Crocodilian teeth can only hold onto prey, and food is swallowed unchewed. The stomach consists of a grinding gizzard and a digestive chamber. [104] Indigestible items are regurgitated as pellets. [105] The stomach is more acidic than that of any other vertebrate and contains ridges for gastroliths, which play a role in the crushing of food.
Food, after going through the crop and proventriculus, passes into the gizzard where it can be ground with previously swallowed stones and passed back to the proventriculus, and vice versa. Bird gizzards are lined with a tough layer made of a carbohydrate-protein complex called koilin, that protects the muscles in the gizzard. [237] [238] gleaning
Diagram of a typical insect leg The typical and usual segments of the insect leg are divided into the coxa, one trochanter , the femur, the tibia, the tarsus, and the pretarsus . The coxa in its more symmetrical form, has the shape of a short cylinder or truncate cone, though commonly it is ovate and may be almost spherical.
The liquid is pale and milky, slightly viscous with an unpleasant smell and taste, [4] [5] containing cardiac glycosides that the insect obtains from the plant it feeds upon. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] In the adults, the discharge occurs under the tegmina and collects as viscous bubbly heap along the sides of the body, lacking the squirting effect seen in nymphs.