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Global coal use was 8.3 billion tonnes in 2022, [14] and is set to remain at record levels in 2023. [15] To meet the Paris Agreement target of keeping global warming below 2 °C (3.6 °F) coal use needs to halve from 2020 to 2030, [16] and "phasing down" coal was agreed upon in the Glasgow Climate Pact.
Coal mining is the process of extracting coal from the ground or from a mine. Coal is valued for its energy content and since the 1880s has been widely used to generate electricity. Steel and cement industries use coal as a fuel for extraction of iron from iron ore and for cement production.
Coal's share of electricity generation dropped to just over 36%. [19] Coal use continues to decline rapidly through November 2015 with its share around 33.6%. [1] The coal plants are mostly base-load plants with typical utilisation rates of 50% to 60% (relating to full load hours).
The History of coal mining goes back thousands of years, with early mines documented in ancient China, the Roman Empire and other early historical economies. It became important in the Industrial Revolution of the 19th and 20th centuries, when it was primarily used to power steam engines, heat buildings and generate electricity.
Coal gas is a flammable gaseous fuel made from coal and supplied to the user via a piped distribution system. It is produced when coal is heated strongly in the absence of air. Town gas is a more general term referring to manufactured gaseous fuels produced for sale to consumers and municipalities. [1]
Anthracite, also known as hard coal and black coal, is a hard, compact variety of coal that has a submetallic lustre.It has the highest carbon content, the fewest impurities, and the highest energy density of all types of coal and is the highest ranking of coals.
As of 2014, all but one out of the 18 coal mines in Wyoming were strip mines. [43] Wyoming's coal reserves total about 69.3 billion tons, or 14.2% of the U.S. coal reserve. [44] Coal is used primarily to generate electricity, but the rapid drop in natural gas prices after 2010 created severe competition.
Raw coke. Coke is a grey, hard, and porous coal-based fuel with a high carbon content. It is made by heating coal or petroleum in the absence of air. Coke is an important industrial product, used mainly in iron ore smelting, but also as a fuel in stoves and forges.
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