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Chloromethane, also called methyl chloride, Refrigerant-40, R-40 or HCC 40, is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH 3 Cl. One of the haloalkanes , it is a colorless, sweet-smelling, flammable gas.
The most important is dichloromethane, which is mainly used as a solvent. Chloromethane is a precursor to chlorosilanes and silicones. Historically significant (as an anaesthetic), but smaller in scale is chloroform, mainly a precursor to chlorodifluoromethane (CHClF 2) and tetrafluoroethene which is used in the manufacture of Teflon. [2]
This intermediate facilitates the formation of the Si-Cl and Si-Me bonds. It is proposed that close proximity of the Si-Cl to a copper-chloromethane "adduct" allows for formation of the Me-SiCl units. Transfer of a second chloromethane allows for the release of the Me 2 SiCl 2. Thus, copper is oxidized from the zero oxidation state and then ...
Chloromethane is a precursor to chlorosilanes and silicones. Chlorodifluoromethane (CHClF 2) is used to make teflon. [7] Alkyl bromides Large scale applications of alkyl bromides exploit their toxicity, which also limits their usefulness. Methyl bromide is also an effective fumigant, but its production and use are controversial. [citation needed]
However, its production remains high, as it is a key precursor of PTFE. [ 41 ] Although chloroform has properties such as a low boiling point, and a low global warming potential of only 31 (compared to the 1760 of R-22), which are appealing properties for a refrigerant, there is little information to suggest that it has seen widespread use as a ...
An example of photochlorination at low temperatures and under ambient pressure is the chlorination of chloromethane to dichloromethane. The liquefied chloromethane (boiling point -24 °C) is mixed with chlorine in the dark and then irradiated with a mercury-vapor lamp. The resulting dichloromethane has a boiling point of 41 °C and is later ...
Aside from those few exceptions, free-radical halogenation is notoriously unselective. Chlorination rarely stops at monosubstitution: [2] depending on reaction conditions, methane chlorination yields varying proportions of chloromethane, dichloromethane, chloroform and carbon tetrachloride.
Phase behavior Triple point: 175.43 K (–97.72 °C), 870 Pa Critical point: 416 K (143 °C), 6714.4 kPa Std enthalpy change of fusion, Δ fus H o: 6.43 kJ/mol