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The NAACP was founded on February 12, 1909, by a larger group including African Americans W. E. B. Du Bois, Ida B. Wells, Archibald Grimké, Mary Church Terrell, and the previously named whites Henry Moskowitz, Mary White Ovington, William English Walling (the wealthy Socialist son of a former slave-holding family), [26] [27] Florence Kelley, a ...
Jewish individuals played a role in the formation and early leadership of the NAACP. Joel Elias Spingarn — a prominent Jewish scholar, educator, and civil rights advocate — served as the organization's chairman from 1913 to 1919, [32] where he shaped the organization's strategies and contributed to its future growth, according to the NAACP.
Emil Gustav Hirsch was born in Luxembourg City, a son of the rabbi and philosopher Samuel Hirsch on May 22, 1851. He later married the daughter of Rabbi David Einhorn.He studied at the University of Pennsylvania, and in 1872 went to Berlin for post-graduate work.
Northern Jews played a major role in the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in its early decades. Northern Jews involved in the NAACP included Joel Elias Spingarn (the first chairman), Arthur B. Spingarn, and founder Henry Moskowitz. More recently, Jack Greenberg was a leader in the organization. [19]
The event, as captured by Toldson’s retelling of his personal experiences and family history, also brought into focus a top priority for the Ohio NAACP in 2024: education.
In 1960, 42 percent of American schools included Bible reading. [148] In 1962, the ACLU published a policy statement condemning in-school prayers, observation of religious holidays, and Bible reading. [148] The Supreme Court concurred with the ACLU's position when it prohibited New York's in-school prayers in the 1962 Engel v. Vitale decision ...
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The rift with the NAACP grew larger in 1934 when Du Bois reversed his stance on segregation, stating that "separate but equal" was an acceptable goal for African Americans. [229] The NAACP leadership was stunned, and asked Du Bois to retract his statement, but he refused, and the dispute led to Du Bois's resignation from the NAACP. [230]