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In computer science, a double-ended queue (abbreviated to deque, / d ɛ k / DEK [1]) is an abstract data type that generalizes a queue, for which elements can be added to or removed from either the front (head) or back (tail). [2]
Such data structures may have not specified a fixed capacity limit besides memory constraints. Queue overflow results from trying to add an element onto a full queue and queue underflow happens when trying to remove an element from an empty queue. A bounded queue is a queue limited to a fixed number of items. [1]
Container classes are expected to implement CRUD-like methods to do the following: create an empty container (constructor); insert objects into the container; delete objects from the container; delete all the objects in the container (clear); access the objects in the container; access the number of objects in the container (count).
Circular buffering makes a good implementation strategy for a queue that has fixed maximum size. Should a maximum size be adopted for a queue, then a circular buffer is a completely ideal implementation; all queue operations are constant time. However, expanding a circular buffer requires shifting memory, which is comparatively costly.
The Bekenstein bound limits the amount of information that can be stored within a spherical volume to the entropy of a black hole with the same surface area. Thermodynamics limit the data storage of a system based on its energy, number of particles and particle modes. In practice, it is a stronger bound than the Bekenstein bound.
is_empty: check whether the queue has no elements. insert_with_priority: add an element to the queue with an associated priority. pull_highest_priority_element: remove the element from the queue that has the highest priority, and return it. This is also known as "pop_element(Off)", "get_maximum_element" or "get_front(most)_element".
It consists of an array A of container data structures; in most sources these containers are doubly linked lists but they could alternatively be dynamic arrays [3] or dynamic sets. The container in the p th array cell A[p] stores the collection of elements whose priority is p. A bucket queue can handle the following operations:
When a function executes, it may add some of its local state data to the top of the stack; when the function exits it is responsible for removing that data from the stack. At a minimum, a thread's stack is used to store the location of a return address provided by the caller in order to allow return statements to return to the correct location.