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Code written in VBA is compiled [6] to Microsoft P-Code (pseudo-code), a proprietary intermediate language, which the host applications (Access, Excel, Word, Outlook, and PowerPoint) store as a separate stream in COM Structured Storage files (e.g., .doc or .xls) independent of the document streams.
Although Excel nominally works with 8-byte numbers by default, VBA has a variety of data types. The Double data type is 8 bytes, the Integer data type is 2 bytes, and the general purpose 16 byte Variant data type can be converted to a 12 byte Decimal data type using the VBA conversion function CDec. [12]
Excel 2016 has 484 functions. [20] Of these, 360 existed prior to Excel 2010. Microsoft classifies these functions into 14 categories. Of the 484 current functions, 386 may be called from VBA as methods of the object "WorksheetFunction" [21] and 44 have the same names as VBA functions. [22] With the introduction of LAMBDA, Excel became Turing ...
In this example, only the values in the A column are entered (10, 20, 30), and the remainder of cells are formulas. Formulas in the B column multiply values from the A column using relative references, and the formula in B4 uses the SUM() function to find the sum of values in the B1:B3 range.
Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) is a programming language included in Microsoft Office from Office 97 through Office 2019 (although it was available in some components of Office prior to Office 97). However, its function has evolved from and replaced the macro languages that were originally included in some of these applications.
A valid file URI must therefore begin with either file:/path (no hostname), file:///path (empty hostname), or file://hostname/path. file://path (i.e. two slashes, without a hostname) is never correct, but is often used. Further slashes in path separate directory names in a hierarchical system of directories and subdirectories. In this usage ...
VBScript distinguishes between a function, which can return a result in an assignment statement, and a subroutine, which cannot. Parameters are positional, and can be passed by value or by reference. Control structures include the usual iterative and conditional Do Loops, If-Then-Else statements, and Case statements, with some more complex ...
The USR() function takes one argument, and can be programmed to derive and return a calculated function value to be used in a numerical expression. & is effectively a shorthand for CALL, with an address that is predefined. By calling routines in the Applesoft ROM, it is possible for ampersand routines to parse values that follow the ampersand.