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Intellectual giftedness is an intellectual ability significantly higher than average and is also known as high potential.It is a characteristic of children, variously defined, that motivates differences in school programming.
The Genetic Studies of Genius, later known as the Terman Study of the Gifted, [1] is currently the oldest and longest-running longitudinal study in the field of psychology. . It was begun by Lewis Terman at Stanford University in 1921 to examine the development and characteristics of gifted children into adultho
Brody and Mills [1997] argue that this population of students "could be considered the most misunderstood of all exceptionalities". [5] In each situation, the twice-exceptional student's strengths help to compensate for deficits; the deficits, on the other hand, make the child's strengths less apparent [6] although as yet there is no empirical research to confirm this theory.
Clark (2002) defines giftedness as “only a label that society gives to those who have actualized their ability to an unusually high degree or give evidence that such achievement is imminent”. The American government defines giftedness as “students, children or youth who give evidence of high performance capability in areas such as ...
The Gifted Rating Scales, first published in 2003, are authored by Steven Ira Pfeiffer (1950-), and Tania Jarosewich. The GRS is completed through teacher evaluations and measures giftedness on multiple scales. The GRS-P, designed for children in preschool and kindergarten, evaluates children on five scales: Intellectual ability; Academic ability
Controversies concerning gifted education are varied and often highly politicized. They are as basic as agreeing upon the appropriateness of the term gifted or the definition of giftedness. For example, does giftedness refer to performance or potential (such as inherent intelligence)? Many students do not exhibit both at the same time.
Environment and intelligence research investigates the impact of environment on intelligence. This is one of the most important factors in understanding human group differences in IQ test scores and other measures of cognitive ability.
Heritability is a statistic used in the fields of breeding and genetics that estimates the degree of variation in a phenotypic trait in a population that is due to genetic variation between individuals in that population. [28]