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Megacolon is an abnormal dilation of the colon (also called the large intestine). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] This leads to hypertrophy of the colon. [ 2 ] The dilation is often accompanied by a paralysis of the peristaltic movements of the bowel.
Ogilvie syndrome, or acute colonic pseudo-obstruction, is the acute dilatation of the colon in the absence of any mechanical obstruction in severely ill patients. [1]Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction is characterized by massive dilatation of the cecum (diameter > 10 cm) and right colon on abdominal X-ray.
Hirschsprung's disease (HD or HSCR) is a birth defect in which nerves are missing from parts of the intestine. [1] [3] The most prominent symptom is constipation. [1]Other symptoms may include vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea and slow growth. [1]
Gastric volvulus causes nausea, vomiting, and pain in the upper abdomen. The Borchardt triad is a group of symptoms that help doctors to identify gastric volvulus. The symptoms are intractable retching, pain in the upper abdomen and inability to pass nasogastric tube into the stomach. [14]
Symptoms like diarrhea and abdominal pain can be normal and fleeting. Experts said such symptoms lasting more than a week without any known cause warrant a call to the doctor.
It may occur in chronic obstruction of stool transit, as in megacolon [10] and chronic constipation. Some diseases, such as Chagas disease , Hirschsprung's disease and others damage the autonomic nervous system in the colon's mucosa ( Auerbach's plexus ) and may cause extremely large or "giant" fecalomas, which must be surgically removed ...
Toxic megacolon is an acute form of colonic distension. [2] It is characterized by a very dilated colon ( megacolon ), accompanied by abdominal distension ( bloating ), and sometimes fever , abdominal pain , or shock .
The signs and symptoms of colitis are quite variable and dependent on the cause of the given colitis and factors that modify its course and severity. [2]Common symptoms of colitis may include: mild to severe abdominal pains and tenderness (depending on the stage of the disease), persistent hemorrhagic diarrhea with pus either present or absent in the stools, fecal incontinence, flatulence ...