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Sedimentology is closely linked to stratigraphy, the study of the physical and temporal relationships between rock layers or strata. The premise that the processes affecting the earth today are the same as in the past is the basis for determining how sedimentary features in the rock record were formed.
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Sedimentary structures include all kinds of features in sediments and sedimentary rocks, formed at the time of deposition.. Sediments and sedimentary rocks are characterized by bedding, which occurs when layers of sediment, with different particle sizes are deposited on top of each other. [1]
Sediment is a solid material that is transported to a new location where it is deposited. [1] It occurs naturally and, through the processes of weathering and erosion, is broken down and subsequently transported by the action of wind, water, or ice or by the force of gravity acting on the particles.
Specifically in sedimentology, a bed can be defined in one of two major ways. [2] First, Campbell [3] and Reineck and Singh [4] use the term bed to refer to a thickness-independent layer comprising a coherent layer of sedimentary rock, sediment, or pyroclastic material bounded above and below by surfaces known as bedding planes.
In sedimentology, imbrication is a primary depositional fabric consisting of a preferred orientation of clasts such that they overlap one another in a consistent fashion, rather like a run of toppled dominoes.
This wrinkled "elephant skin" texture is a feature formed from a non-stromatolite microbial mat.The image shows the location, in the Burgsvik beds of Sweden, where the texture was first identified as evidence of a microbial mat.
Sedimentology includes the study of sedimentary processes and sedimentary rocks on Earth and beyond. The main article for this category is Sedimentology . See also Category:Soil science