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The timeline of discovery of Solar System planets and their natural satellites charts the progress of the discovery of new bodies over history. Each object is listed in chronological order of its discovery (multiple dates occur when the moments of imaging, observation, and publication differ), identified through its various designations (including temporary and permanent schemes), and the ...
First animals in space (fruit flies). United States V-2 [4] [6] 24 February 1949: First two-stage liquid-fueled rocket, that sets a record altitude of 244 miles (393 km) (WAC Corporal missile mounted onto a V-2 rocket). United States Bumper-5: 14 June 1949: First mammal in space (Albert II, a rhesus monkey). First primate in space. United ...
The first human being to reach space (defined as an altitude of over 100 km) and to orbit Earth was Yuri Gagarin, a Soviet cosmonaut who was launched in Vostok 1 on April 12, 1961. The first human to walk on the surface of another Solar System body was Neil Armstrong , who stepped onto the Moon on July 21, 1969 during the Apollo 11 mission ...
1995 – The first planet around a Sun-like star is discovered, in orbit around the star 51 Pegasi. [99] 1996 – The first Hubble Deep Field is released, providing a clear view of very distant galaxies when the universe was around one-third of its present age.
The first photo from space was taken from a V-2 launched by US scientists on 24 October 1946. 1930 – Seth Nicholson and Edison Pettit measure the surface temperature of the Moon. [164] 1932 – Karl Guthe Jansky recognizes received radio signals coming from outer space as extrasolar, coming mainly from Sagittarius.
Photons are no longer in thermal equilibrium with matter and the universe first becomes transparent. Recombination lasts for about 100 ka, during which the universe is becoming more and more transparent to photons. The photons of the cosmic microwave background radiation originate at this time. The spherical volume of space that will become the ...
Now, an international team of scientists have analyzed the first faintest galaxies (which existed in the universe’s first billion or so years) and identified certain dwarf galaxies that are ...
The Soviet space program achieved many of the first milestones, including the first living being in orbit in 1957, the first human spaceflight (Yuri Gagarin aboard Vostok 1) in 1961, the first spacewalk (by Alexei Leonov) on 18 March 1965, the first automatic landing on another celestial body in 1966, and the launch of the first space station ...