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As a result, their capacity to consent to medication is impaired. In these cases medication may be covertly administered, as is the case in nursing homes. Impaired capacity is also seen in patients with intellectual disability. These patients may exhibit behaviours that challenge or symptoms of mental ill health, for which medication is used to ...
Close association between prescribing physicians and pharmacies, along with the computerization of prescriptions and patients' medical histories, aim to avoid the occurrence of dangerous drug interactions. Lists of contraindications for a drug are usually provided with it, either in monographs, package inserts (accompanying prescribed ...
A drug-therapy (related) problem can be defined as an event or circumstance involving drug treatment (pharmacotherapy) that interferes with the optimal provision of medical care. In 1990, L.M. Strand and her colleagues (based on the previous work of R.L Mikeal [ 3 ] and D.C Brodie, [ 4 ] published respectively in 1975 and 1980) classified the ...
These changes caused drugs made with tetrazole to be contaminated with N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), which cause genetic damage and cancer. [20] This contamination was not detected until 2018. The incident, according to medicinal chemist and pharmaceutical industry blogger Dr. Derek Lowe, points to a greater ...
When two drugs affect each other, it is a drug–drug interaction (DDI). The risk of a DDI increases with the number of drugs used. [1] A large share of elderly people regularly use five or more medications or supplements, with a significant risk of side-effects from drug–drug interactions. [2] Drug interactions can be of three kinds ...
[46] 15% of older adults are potentially at risk for a major drug-drug interaction. [47] Older adults are at a higher risk for a drug-drug interaction due to the increased number of medications prescribed and metabolic changes that occur with aging. [48] When a new drug is prescribed, the risk of interactions increases exponentially.
Type A: augmented pharmacological effects, which are dose-dependent and predictable [5]; Type A reactions, which constitute approximately 80% of adverse drug reactions, are usually a consequence of the drug's primary pharmacological effect (e.g., bleeding when using the anticoagulant warfarin) or a low therapeutic index of the drug (e.g., nausea from digoxin), and they are therefore predictable.
Drug antagonism refers to a medicine stopping the action or effect of another substance, preventing a biological response. [1] [2] The stopping actions are carried out by four major mechanisms, namely chemical, pharmacokinetic, receptor and physiological antagonism. [2]