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Commonly, the post-menopausal woman is not called hypogonadal if she is of typical menopausal age. Contrast with a young woman or teen, who would have hypogonadism rather than menopause. This is because hypogonadism is an abnormality, whereas menopause is a normal change in hormone levels.
In women, low levels of estrogen may cause symptoms such as hot flashes, sleeping disturbances, decreased bone health, [3] and changes in the genitourinary system. Hypoestrogenism is most commonly found in women who are postmenopausal , have primary ovarian insufficiency (POI), or are presenting with amenorrhea (absence of menstrual periods ).
Progesterone levels are low in children and postmenopausal people. [132] Adult males have levels similar to those in women during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Endogenous progesterone production rates and plasma progesterone levels
Anovulation due to a low thyroid hormone level, high prolactin level, high insulin level, high androgen level and problems with other hormone can also cause scanty periods. Despite these common causes, hypomenorrhea is still technically an abnormality of the menstrual flow, and other underlying medical problems should be ruled out by a doctor.
[92] [122] However, oral progesterone achieves very low progesterone levels and has relatively weak progestogenic effects, which might be responsible for the absence of increase in VTE risk. [122] Parenteral progesterone, such as vaginal or injectable progesterone, which can achieve luteal-phase levels of progesterone and associated ...
Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism (HH), also known as primary or peripheral/gonadal hypogonadism or primary gonadal failure, is a condition which is characterized by hypogonadism which is due to an impaired response of the gonads to the gonadotropins, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), and in turn a lack of sex steroid production. [1]
Physiologic amenorrhea is present before menarche, during pregnancy and breastfeeding, and after menopause. [3] Breastfeeding or lactational amenorrhea is also a common cause of secondary amenorrhoea. [26] Lactational amenorrhea is due to the presence of elevated prolactin and low levels of LH, which suppress ovarian hormone secretion. [27]
It is used in hormone therapy for menopausal symptoms and low estrogen levels, hormone therapy for transgender people, and in hormonal birth control. [5] [4] [13] [14] It is also used in the treatment of prostate cancer. [13] The medication is taken by mouth or by injection into muscle or fat once every 1 to 4 weeks. [13] [14]