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Sambucus nigra is a species complex of flowering plants in the family Viburnaceae native to most of Europe. [1] Common names include elder, elderberry, black elder, European elder, European elderberry, and European black elderberry. [2] [3] It grows in a variety of conditions including both wet and dry fertile soils, primarily in sunny locations.
Plant elderberry in an area you are able to easily access because these shrubs will require regular pruning. This fast-growing shrub may become unruly and looks best at the edge of a pond ...
Elders are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including brown-tail, buff ermine, dot moth, emperor moth, engrailed moth, swallow-tailed moth and the V-pug. The crushed foliage and immature fruit have a strong fetid smell. Valley elderberry longhorn beetles in California are very often found around red or blue ...
The plant is classified by several different botanical names. Both the current United States Department of Agriculture database and The Jepson Manual of California flora (2013) classify it as S. nigra subsp. cerulea. [1] [2] The Sunset Western Garden Book identifies the plant as Sambucus mexicana, and note use of S. caerulea also. [5] [6]
Traditional methods of consuming elderberry includes jams, jellies, and syrups, all of which cook down the fruit and strain out the seeds. Unpublished research may show that S. canadensis (American elderberry) has lower cyanide levels than apple juice, and that its fruit does not contain enough beta-glucosidase (which convert glucosides into ...
Sambucus racemosa is often a treelike shrub growing 2–6 m (7–20 ft) tall. The stems are soft with a pithy center.. Each individual leaf is composed of 5 to 7 leaflike leaflets, each of which is up to 16 cm (6 + 1 ⁄ 4 in) long, lance-shaped to narrowly oval, and irregularly serrated along the edges.
Sambucus mexicana may refer to the following North American black or blue elderberry species: ... California, and is an important plant for them. [8] ...
Sambucus gaudichaudiana, commonly known as white elderberry, [2] is a species of flowering plant in the family Adoxaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a perennial shrub but with stems that are produced annually with pinnate leaves that have three to eleven leaflets, small white flowers and small but edible fruit.