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The TCP checksum is a weak check by modern standards and is normally paired with a CRC integrity check at layer 2, below both TCP and IP, such as is used in PPP or the Ethernet frame. However, introduction of errors in packets between CRC-protected hops is common and the 16-bit TCP checksum catches most of these.
TCP offload engine (TOE) is a technology used in some network interface cards (NIC) to offload processing of the entire TCP/IP stack to the network controller. It is primarily used with high-speed network interfaces, such as gigabit Ethernet and 10 Gigabit Ethernet, where processing overhead of the network stack becomes significant.
The Internet checksum, [1] [2] also called the IPv4 header checksum is a checksum used in version 4 of the Internet Protocol (IPv4) to detect corruption in the header of IPv4 packets. It is carried in the IPv4 packet header , and represents the 16-bit result of the summation of the header words.
A checksum of a message is a modular arithmetic sum of message code words of a fixed word length (e.g., byte values). The sum may be negated by means of a ones'-complement operation prior to transmission to detect unintentional all-zero messages. Checksum schemes include parity bits, check digits, and longitudinal redundancy checks.
Windows Vista uses its TCP Chimney Offload system to offload to such cards framing, routing, error-correction and acknowledgement and retransmission jobs required in TCP. However, for application compatibility, only TCP data transfer functionality is offloaded to the NIC, not TCP connection setup. This will remove some load from the CPU.
TCP supports ECN using two flags in the TCP header. The first, ECN-Echo (ECE) is used to echo back the congestion indication (i.e., signal the sender to reduce the transmission rate). The second, Congestion Window Reduced (CWR), to acknowledge that the congestion-indication echoing was received.
Packet loss in a TCP connection is also used to avoid congestion and thus produces an intentionally reduced throughput for the connection. In real-time applications like streaming media or online games , packet loss can affect a user's quality of experience (QoE).
No, this is not TCP offload engine (TOE). It is partial TCP offload either on the receive reassembly side (gro, lro) or on the send segmentation side (tso, gso). Or it may be checksum offload (rx, tx). But it is definitely not TCP offload engine! See the ethtool output if you have anything with the name "toe". I will guarantee that you will not!