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PHP has hundreds of base functions and thousands more from extensions. Prior to PHP version 5.3.0, functions are not first-class functions and can only be referenced by their name, whereas PHP 5.3.0 introduces closures. [35] User-defined functions can be created at any time and without being prototyped. [35]
Note that each call takes an extra argument, and two values are now returned; the ordinary return value, and a new value representing the state of the formerly mutable variable. Store-passing style can be quite painful to write, but can help to eliminate race conditions by isolating state within function calls, and can potentially make code ...
Eval is understood to be the step of converting a quoted string into a callable function and its arguments, whereas apply is the actual call of the function with a given set of arguments. The distinction is particularly noticeable in functional languages , and languages based on lambda calculus , such as LISP and Scheme .
The string is converted to a number value. JavaScript attempts to convert the string numeric literal to a Number type value. First, a mathematical value is derived from the string numeric literal. Next, this value is rounded to nearest Number type value. Boolean
The return value from a function is provided within the function by making an assignment to an identifier with the same name as the function. [5] However, some versions of Pascal provide a special function Exit(exp); that can be used to return a value immediately from a function, or, without parameters, to return immediately from a procedure. [6]
The Function constructor can be used to trigger execution of JavaScript code contained in a string as if it were native JavaScript. So, for example, the statement alert() is equivalent to Function("alert()")().
In computer science, a mutator method is a method used to control changes to a variable. They are also widely known as setter methods. Often a setter is accompanied by a getter, which returns the value of the private member variable.
Cascading can be implemented using method chaining by having the method return the current object itself. Cascading is a key technique in fluent interfaces , and since chaining is widely implemented in object-oriented languages while cascading isn't, this form of "cascading-by-chaining by returning this " is often referred to simply as "chaining".