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All subsequent translations of "The Doctrine of Fascism" were derived from this work. A key concept of the essay was that fascism was a rejection of previous models: "Granted that the nineteenth century was the century of socialism, liberalism, democracy, this does not mean that the twentieth century must also be the century of socialism ...
"The Italian Nation is an organism having ends, life, and means of action superior to those of individuals, singly or in groups, of which it is composed. It is a moral, political, and economic unity, realized wholly in the Fascist State." Article 2: "Work, in all its intellectual, technical, and manual forms, is a social obligation.
Mussolini's belief in Italy's destino to rule the Mediterranean led him to neglect serious planning for a war with the Western powers. [134] He was held back from full alignment with Berlin by Italy's economic and military unpreparedness and his desire to use the Easter Accords of April 1938 to split Britain from France. [135]
According to historian Zeev Sternhell, "most syndicalist leaders were among the founders of the fascist movement", who in later years gained key posts in Mussolini's regime. [100] Mussolini expressed great admiration for the ideas of Georges Sorel , [ 101 ] who he claimed was instrumental in birthing the core principles of Italian fascism. [ 102 ]
IN FOCUS: Next month an epic eight-part biopic of the Italian dictator Benito Mussolini airs on Sky. Craig McLean visits the set in Rome and talks to those who worked on the project, including the ...
Benito Mussolini, dictator of Fascist Italy (left), and Adolf Hitler, dictator of Nazi Germany (right), were fascist leaders.. Fascism (/ ˈ f æ ʃ ɪ z əm / FASH-iz-əm) is a far-right, authoritarian, and ultranationalist political ideology and movement, [1] [2] [3] characterized by a dictatorial leader, centralized autocracy, militarism, forcible suppression of opposition, belief in a ...
A number of Fascists were Jewish, including Mussolini's mistress Margherita Sarfatti, who was the director of Fascist art and propaganda, and there was little support amongst Italians for antisemitism. Mussolini also did not evaluate race as being a precursor of superiority, but rather culture.
Mussolini, who used the title "Il Duce", was honoured "for having conceived and realised in his homeland a social organisation... that will leave a profound mark on history", the citation for the ...