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Megestrol acetate is used mainly as an appetite stimulant to promote weight gain in a variety of situations. [25] [26] [27] When given at very high dosages, it can substantially increase appetite in most individuals, even those with advanced cancer, and is often used to boost appetite and induce weight gain in patients with cancer or HIV/AIDS-associated cachexia. [25]
As of June 2023, megestrol is being used to treat significant weight loss in HIV/AIDS patients, and as a palliative treatment of endometrial and breast cancers.It can be administered in both tablet and oral suspension forms, with dosages ranging from 100 mg/day to 1600 mg/day depending on the condition being treated.
An orexigenic, or appetite stimulant, is a drug, hormone, or compound that increases appetite and may induce hyperphagia. This can be a medication or a naturally occurring neuropeptide hormone, such as ghrelin , orexin or neuropeptide Y , [ 1 ] [ 2 ] which increases hunger and therefore enhances food consumption .
Medroxyprogesterone acetate (Amen, Curretab, Cycrin, Provera) – 2.5 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg; Megestrol acetate (Megace) – 20 mg, 40 mg – approved specifically for the treatment of breast and endometrial cancer [46] and for the treatment of anorexia, cachexia, and weight loss in patients with AIDS Tooltip acquired immunodeficiency syndrome [47]
[38] [39] In addition, megestrol acetate has been found to be significantly inferior to aromatase inhibitors in the treatment of breast cancer, and in relation to this, progestogens have been moved down in the sequential therapy of the disease. [38] Megestrol acetate is the only Food and Drug Administration-approved progestogen for breast ...
Cymegesolate, also known as megestrol acetate 3β-cypionate, as well as 17α-acetoxy-6-dehydro-6-methylprogesterone 3β-cyclopentylpropionate or 17α-acetoxy-6-methylpregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione 3β-cyclopentylpropionate, is a synthetic pregnane steroid and a derivative of progesterone and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone.
In accordance, the dosage of MPA used in oral contraceptives in the past was 10 mg per tablet. [131] For comparison to MPA, the dosage of progesterone required to inhibit ovulation is 300 mg/day, whereas that of the 19-nortestosterone derivatives norethisterone and norethisterone acetate is only 0.4 to 0.5 mg/day. [132]
A high dosage of 20 mg/day norethisterone or norethisterone acetate has been found to significantly stimulate the sebaceous glands, whereas lower dosages of 5 mg/day and 2.5 mg/day norethisterone and norethisterone acetate, respectively, did not significantly stimulate sebum production and were consequently regarded as devoid of significant ...