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This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 4 February 2025. This article is about the chemical element. For other uses, see Iodine (disambiguation). Chemical element with atomic number 53 (I) Iodine, 53 I Iodine Pronunciation / ˈ aɪ ə d aɪ n, - d ɪ n, - d iː n / (EYE -ə-dyne, -din, -deen) Appearance lustrous metallic gray solid ...
Iodine can form compounds using multiple oxidation states. Iodine is quite reactive, but it is much less reactive than the other halogens. For example, while chlorine gas will halogenate carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, and sulfur dioxide (to phosgene, nitrosyl chloride, and sulfuryl chloride respectively), iodine
In the alternative, iodine may be produced from iodophors, which contain iodine complexed with a solubilizing agent (the iodide ion may be thought of loosely as the iodophor in triiodide water solutions). Examples of such preparations include: [11] Tincture of iodine: iodine in ethanol, or iodine and sodium iodide in a mixture of ethanol and water.
Such a triglyceride has a high iodine value (approx. 119). Below, the reaction product after the addition of four equivalents of iodine or bromine to the four C=C double bonds of the unsaturated fatty acid residues. The determination of iodine value is a particular example of iodometry. A solution of iodine I 2 is yellow/brown in
Compounds with iodine in formal oxidation state −1 are called iodides. In everyday life, iodide is most commonly encountered as a component of iodized salt , which many governments mandate. Worldwide, iodine deficiency affects two billion people and is the leading preventable cause of intellectual disability .
These iodine compounds are hypervalent because the iodine atom formally contains in its valence shell more than the 8 electrons required for the octet rule. Hypervalent iodine oxyanions are known for oxidation states +1, +3, +5, and +7; organic analogues of these moieties are known for each oxidation state except +7.
USP Tincture of Iodine is defined in the U.S. National Formulary (NF) as containing in each 100 mL, 1.8 to 2.2 grams of elemental iodine, and 2.1 to 2.6 grams of sodium iodide. Alcohol is 50 mL, and the balance is purified water. This "2% free iodine" solution has 0.08 mol/L of I 2, which provides about 1 mg of free iodine per 0.05 mL drop. The ...
Chemical formula Synonyms CAS number FGa: gallium monofluoride: 13966-78-4 FGaO: gallium monofluoride monoxide: 15586-66-0 FGd: gadolinium monofluoride: 12259-18-6 FGe: germanium monofluoride: 14929-46-5 FHo: holmium monofluoride: 16087-66-4 FI: iodine monofluoride: 13873-84-2 FI 2: monofluorodiiodine: 58751-33-0 FIn: indium monofluoride: 13966 ...