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Therefore, Bolton's Overall Ratio and Anterior Ratio Mean and Standard Deviations are not representative of samples from other race and population. In addition, because the samples that were measured had perfect malocclusion, any samples after performing Bolton Analysis, will yield a high discrepancy compared to Bolton ratios. It is seen that ...
Handicapping malocclusion assessment record (HMAR) was created by Salzmann JA in 1968. It was created to establish needs for treatment of handicapping malocclusion according to severity presented by magnitude of the score when assessing the malocclusion. [17] The assessment can be made either directly from the oral cavity or from available casts.
Little's Irregularity Index is an index used in the field of Orthodontics to measure the crowding of Mandibular anterior arch. The index was first proposed by Robert M. Little in 1975 in his paper The Irregularity Index: A quantitative score of mandibular anterior alignment.
Tanaka and Johnston analysis is a mixed dentition analysis which allows one to estimate the space available in an arch for the permanent teeth to erupt. This analysis was developed by Marvin M. Tanaka and Lysle E. Johnston in 1974 after they conducted a study on 506 orthodontic patients done in Cleveland at the Case Western Reserve University School of Dental Medicine.
Cephalometric analysis is the clinical application of cephalometry.It is analysis of the dental and skeletal relationships of a human skull. [1] It is frequently used by dentists, orthodontists, and oral and maxillofacial surgeons as a treatment planning tool. [2]
Pont's Analysis is an analysis developed by Pont in 1909. This analysis allows one to predict the width of the maxillary arch at the premolar and molar region by measure the mesio-distal widths of the four permanent incisors.
It is estimated that nearly 30% of the general population present with malocclusions that are in great need of orthodontic treatment. [1] However, the term dentofacial deformity describes an array of dental and maxillo-mandibular abnormalities, often presenting with a malocclusion, which is not amenable to orthodontic treatment alone and definitive treatment needs surgical alignment of upper ...
Anterior open bite resulted from tongue thrusting in a 24 y.o. patient. Anterior upper teeth are not touching their counterpart. Anterior open bite (AOB) is defined as a condition in which there is no contact and no vertical overlap of the lower incisor crown with the upper incisor crown when the mandible is in full occlusion. [19]