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Fast-responding GABA receptors are members of a family of Cys-loop ligand-gated ion channels. [7] [8] [9] Members of this superfamily, which includes nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, GABA A receptors, glycine and 5-HT 3 receptors, possess a characteristic loop formed by a disulfide bond between two cysteine residues. [10]
The ionotropic GABA A receptor protein complex is also the molecular target of the benzodiazepine class of tranquilizer drugs. Benzodiazepines do not bind to the same receptor site on the protein complex as does the endogenous ligand GABA (whose binding site is located between α- and β-subunits), but bind to distinct benzodiazepine binding sites situated at the interface between the α- and ...
The Cys-loop ligand-gated ion channel superfamily is composed of nicotinic acetylcholine, GABA A, GABA A-ρ, glycine, 5-HT 3, and zinc-activated (ZAC) receptors. These receptors are composed of five protein subunits which form a pentameric arrangement around a central pore. There are usually 2 alpha subunits and 3 other beta, gamma, or delta ...
The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA receptor) – a type of ionotropic glutamate receptor – is a ligand-gated ion channel that is gated by the simultaneous binding of glutamate and a co-agonist (i.e., either D-serine or glycine). [11] Studies show that the NMDA receptor is involved in regulating synaptic plasticity and memory. [12] [13]
The glycine receptor (abbreviated as GlyR or GLR) is the receptor of the amino acid neurotransmitter glycine. GlyR is an ionotropic receptor that produces its effects through chloride currents .
Glycine is a required co-agonist along with glutamate for NMDA receptors. In contrast to the inhibitory role of glycine in the spinal cord, this behaviour is facilitated at the glutamatergic receptors which are excitatory. [41] The LD 50 of glycine is 7930 mg/kg in rats (oral), [42] and it usually causes death by hyperexcitability. [citation ...
Vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC32A1 gene. [5]The protein encoded by this gene is an integral membrane protein involved in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glycine uptake into synaptic vesicles.
The size of the neuron can also affect the inhibitory postsynaptic potential. Simple temporal summation of postsynaptic potentials occurs in smaller neurons, whereas in larger neurons larger numbers of synapses and ionotropic receptors as well as a longer distance from the synapse to the soma enables the prolongation of interactions between neurons.
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