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The short gastric arteries are 5-7 small branches of the splenic artery [1] that pass along part of the greater curvature of the stomach [2] from left to right between the layers of the gastrosplenic ligament, and are distributed to the greater curvature of the stomach.
Over time, these arteries consolidate into the three main arteries that supply the developing gastrointestinal tract: the celiac artery, superior mesenteric artery, and inferior mesenteric artery. The areas supplied by these arteries are used to define the foregut, midgut, and hindgut. [30] The surrounded sac becomes the primitive gut.
In terms of disease, the left gastric artery may be involved in peptic ulcer disease: if an ulcer erodes through the stomach mucosa into a branch of the artery, this can cause massive blood loss into the stomach, which may result in such symptoms as hematemesis or melaena.
Symptoms include abdominal pain, weight loss, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and an aversion or fear of eating caused by the pain associated with eating. Abdominal angina is caused by obstruction or stenosis of the inferior mesenteric artery , celiac trunk , or superior mesenteric artery .
The gastroduodenal artery can be the source of a significant gastrointestinal bleed, which may arise as a complication of peptic ulcer disease.Because of its close relationship to the posteromedial wall of the second part of the duodenum, deeply penetrating ulcers or tumours of the duodenum may cause torrential bleeding from the gastroduodenal ‘artery of haemorrhage'. [1]
The common hepatic artery is a short blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the liver, pylorus of the stomach, duodenum, pancreas, and gallbladder. [ citation needed ] It arises from the celiac artery [ 1 ] and has the following branches: [ 2 ]
Watershed area is the medical term referring to regions of the body, [1] that receive dual blood supply from the most distal branches of two large arteries, such as the splenic flexure of the large intestine. The term refers metaphorically to a geological watershed, or drainage divide, which separates adjacent drainage basins. For example, the ...
The celiac artery is the first major branch of the descending abdominal aorta, branching at a 90° angle. [1] [2] This occurs just below the crus of the diaphragm. [2] This is around the first lumbar vertebra. [3] There are three main divisions of the celiac artery, and each in turn has its own named branches: