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Well control is the technique used in oil and gas operations such as drilling, well workover and well completion for maintaining the hydrostatic pressure and formation pressure to prevent the influx of formation fluids into the wellbore.
As technology has advanced, more modern drillers have better control of the overall well. Oil well control is the management of the dangerous effects caused by the unexpected release of formation fluid, such as natural gas and/or crude oil, upon surface equipment of oil or gas drilling rigs and escaping into the atmosphere.
A well control company then will need to extinguish the well fire or cap the well, and replace the casing head and other surface equipment. If the flowing gas contains poisonous hydrogen sulfide , the oil operator might decide to ignite the stream to convert this to less hazardous substances.
The tubing may also have flow control mechanism. Single-well concentric kill string: within the well a small diameter concentric kill string is used to circulate kill fluids when needed. Single-well 2-tubing completion: in this instance 2 tubing strings are inserted down 1 well. They are connected at the lower end by a circulating head.
Founded in 1975, Wild Well is the world's leading provider of onshore and offshore well control emergency response, pressure control, relief well planning, engineering, and training services. Wild Well Control was founded by Joe R. Bowden Sr. in 1975 (July 15, 1932 – November 12, 2006). [ 3 ]
A blowout preventer (BOP) (pronounced B-O-P) [1] is a specialized valve or similar mechanical device, used to seal, control and monitor oil and gas wells to prevent blowouts, the uncontrolled release of crude oil or natural gas from a well. They are usually installed in stacks of other valves.
Well being under control means no uncontrollable flow of formation fluids into the wellbore. Hydrostatic pressure also controls the stress from tectonic forces, which can render wellbores unstable even when formation fluid pressure is balanced.
Well control in general is an extremely expensive and dangerous operation. Extensive training, testing, proof of competence, and experience are prerequisites for planning and performing a well kill, even a seemingly simple one. Many people have died through incorrectly performed well kills.