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These units specialize in providing medical and surgical care aimed at stabilizing the patient's medical status. [2] Standardized assessments are also performed to aid in the development of an appropriate care plan. [3] Current research suggests that stroke units may be effective in reducing in-hospital fatality rates and the length of hospital ...
Carotid endarterectomy is used to reduce the risk of strokes caused by carotid artery stenosis over time. Carotid stenosis can either have symptoms (i.e., be symptomatic), or be found by a doctor in the absence of symptoms (asymptomatic) - and the risk-reduction from endarterectomy is greater for symptomatic than asymptomatic patients.
The risk-reduction from intervention for carotid stenosis (stenting or endarterectomy) is greatest when the indication for intervention is symptoms (i.e., the patient is symptomatic) - typically stroke or TIA. [6] A new generation of double-layer stents is currently being developed to reduce the risk of stroke during or after the procedure.
Studies of surgical intervention for carotid artery stenosis without symptoms have shown only a small decrease in the risk of stroke. [ 144 ] [ 145 ] To be beneficial, the complication rate of the surgery should be kept below 4%.
Watershed stroke symptoms are due to the reduced blood flow to all parts of the body, specifically the brain, thus leading to brain damage. Initial symptoms, as promoted by the American Stroke Association, are FAST, representing F = Facial weakness (droop), A = Arm weakness (drift), S = Speech difficulty (slur), and T = Time to act (priority of intervention).
The incidence of stroke, including fatal stroke, is 1–2% per year. The surgical mortality of endarterectomy ranges from 1–2% to as much as 10%. Two large randomized clinical trials have demonstrated that carotid surgery done with a 30-day stroke and death risk of 3% or less will benefit asymptomatic people with ≥60% stenosis who are ...
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