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Examples: Prolog, OPS5, Mercury, CVXGen [7] [8], Geometry Expert. A fifth-generation programming language (5GL) is any programming language based on problem-solving using constraints given to the program, rather than using an algorithm written by a programmer. [9] They may use artificial intelligence techniques to solve problems in this way.
Like natural languages, programming languages follow rules for syntax and semantics. There are thousands of programming languages [ 1 ] and new ones are created every year. Few languages ever become sufficiently popular that they are used by more than a few people, but professional programmers may use dozens of languages in a career.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 6 February 2025. Language for communicating instructions to a machine The source code for a computer program in C. The gray lines are comments that explain the program to humans. When compiled and run, it will give the output "Hello, world!". A programming language is a system of notation for writing ...
This is an index to notable programming languages, in current or historical use. Dialects of BASIC, esoteric programming languages, and markup languages are not included. A programming language does not need to be imperative or Turing-complete, but must be executable and so does not include markup languages such as HTML or XML, but does include domain-specific languages such as SQL and its ...
λProlog (a logic programming language featuring polymorphic typing, modular programming, and higher-order programming) Oz , and Mozart Programming System cross-platform Oz Prolog (formulates data and the program evaluation mechanism as a special form of mathematical logic called Horn logic and a general proving mechanism called logical ...
A third-generation programming language (3GL) is a high-level computer programming language that tends to be more machine-independent and programmer-friendly than the machine code of the first-generation and assembly languages of the second-generation, while having a less specific focus to the fourth and fifth generations. [1]
Low-level memory and hardware details must be manually managed which is often bug-prone. [2] Programs are machine-dependent, so different versions must be written for every target machine architecture. [3] The vast majority of programs are written in a third-generation programming language or a fourth-generation programming language.
A high-level programming language is a programming language with strong abstraction from the details of the computer.In contrast to low-level programming languages, it may use natural language elements, be easier to use, or may automate (or even hide entirely) significant areas of computing systems (e.g. memory management), making the process of developing a program simpler and more ...