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The most common of these procedures are removal of all or part of the colon , or removal of the kidney (nephrectomy). Some surgeons perform these procedures completely laparoscopically, making the larger incision toward the end of the procedure for specimen removal, or, in the case of a colectomy, to also prepare the remaining healthy bowel to ...
Colectomy (col-+ -ectomy) is the surgical removal of any extent of the colon, the longest portion of the large bowel. Colectomy may be performed for prophylactic, curative, or palliative reasons. Colectomy may be performed for prophylactic, curative, or palliative reasons.
This type of surgery appeared at the same time as end-to-side jejunoileal bypass. Some surgeons regarded this as a better option than end-to-side jejunoileal bypass because it prevented the reflux of ileal content to the blind loop. In order to achieve this, the end of the proximal duodenum is anastomosed to the distal ileum.
Proctocolectomy is the surgical removal of the entire colon and rectum from the human body, leaving the patients small intestine disconnected from their anus. [1] It is a major surgery that is performed by colorectal surgeons, however some portions of the surgery, specifically the colectomy (removal of the colon) may be performed by general surgeons. [2]
The colon is then mobilized from the retroperitoneum. Care is taken to avoid injury to the ureters and duodenum. The surgery then follows the same steps as small bowel resection. However, due to the colon's placement in the retroperitoneum, more dissection is often required to allow for tension free anastomosis. [5] [6]
The Hartmann's procedure with a proximal end colostomy or ileostomy is the most common operation carried out by general surgeons for management of malignant obstruction of the distal colon. During this procedure, the lesion is removed, the distal bowel closed intraperitoneally, and the proximal bowel diverted with a stoma.
Only the proximal stoma is functioning. Most often, double-barrel colostomy is a temporary colostomy with two openings into the colon (distal and proximal). The elimination occurs through the proximal stoma. Colostomy surgery that is planned usually has a higher rate of long-term success than surgery performed in an emergency situation.
Some authors report this treatment as effective and safe with no risk of side effects. [23] Self-administered enemas may however be abused, which can cause anorectal fibrosis and stricture, due to repeated microtrauma. [23] The disadvantages of this treatment are mainly social stigma and inconvenience.