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Though the division of Sino-Tibetan into Sinitic and Tibeto-Burman branches (e.g. Benedict, Matisoff) is widely used, some historical linguists criticize this classification, as the non-Sinitic Sino-Tibetan languages lack any shared innovations in phonology or morphology [2] to show that they comprise a clade of the phylogenetic tree. [3] [4] [5]
The Soyombo script was the first Mongolian script to be written horizontally from left to right, in contrast to earlier scripts that had been written vertically. As in the Tibetan and Devanagari scripts, the signs are suspended below a horizontal line, giving each line of text a visible "backbone".
The Tibetan script is a segmental writing system, or abugida, derived from Brahmic scripts like Sanskrit and used to write certain Tibetic languages, including Tibetan, Dzongkha, Sikkimese, Ladakhi, Jirel and Balti. It was originally developed in c. 620 by Tibetan minister Thonmi Sambhota for King Songtsen Gampo. [5] [6]
The Tibetic languages form a well-defined group of languages descending from Old Tibetan (7th to 9th centuries, [2] or to the 11th/12th centuries). According to Nicolas Tournadre, there are 50 Tibetic languages, which branch into more than 200 dialects, which could be grouped into eight dialect continua. [2]
Author of The Tibetan Book of Living and Dying: Chökyi Nyima Rinpoche: born 1951: chos kyi nyi ma-Son of Tulku Urgyen, contributions on Bardo: Mipham Chökyi Lodrö: born 1952: mi pham chos kyi blo gros: 14th Shamarpa - Dhondup Gyal: 1953–1985: don grub rgyal-A founder of modern Tibetan literature Tashi Tsering (London) born 1958: bkra shis ...
in Among Tibetan Texts: History and Literature of the Himalayan Plateau, ed. Kurtis R. Schaeffer, 53–57. Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2001. ISBN 0-86171-179-3; Smith, E. Gene. "Padma dkar po and His History of Buddhism" in Among Tibetan Texts: History and Literature of the Himalayan Plateau, ed. Kurtis R. Schaeffer, 81–86. Boston: Wisdom ...
Classical Tibetan refers to the language of any text written in Tibetic after the Old Tibetan period. Though it extends from the 12th century until the modern day, [ 1 ] it particularly refers to the language of early canonical texts translated from other languages, especially Sanskrit .
This page was last edited on 22 June 2006, at 02:15 (UTC).; Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may ...