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Imitative learning is a type of social learning whereby new behaviors are acquired via imitation. [1] Imitation aids in communication, social interaction, and the ability to modulate one's emotions to account for the emotions of others, and is "essential for healthy sensorimotor development and social functioning". [1]
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Flexible methods must be used to assess whether an animal can imitate an action. This led to an approach that teaches animals to imitate by using a command such as "do-as-I-do" or "do this" followed by the action that they are supposed to imitate . [55] Researchers trained chimpanzees to imitate an action that was paired with the command.
Social learning theory is a theory of social behavior that proposes that new behaviors can be acquired by observing and imitating others. It states that learning is a cognitive process that takes place in a social context and can occur purely through observation or direct instruction, even in the absence of motor reproduction or direct reinforcement. [1]
By imitating these observed actions the individual observer would solidify that learned action and would be rewarded with positive reinforcement, a positive consequence to certain behavior. [ 6 ] According to Albert Bandura , the widely researched topics of behaviorism up until then had certain discrepancies.
Specifically, results have shown that while 3-year-olds successfully imitate item-specific rules (i.e., cognitive imitation), these same 3-year-olds fail to imitate motor-spatial rules (i.e., motor-spatial imitation). [4] This dissociation isn't because there's something inherently harder about learning spatial versus cognitive rules.
The findings of these experiments support the principles of social learning theory proposed by Bandura. His research found that behavior is influenced by observing the behavior of others and imitating it. [8] Central to this theory is the idea that the inclination to imitate behavior increases with the presence of an admirable model.
We desire what others desire because we imitate their desires." [2] Mimetic theory has two main parts - the desire itself, and the resulting scapegoating. Girard's idea proposes that all desire is merely an imitation of another's desire, and the desire only occurs because others have deemed said object as worthwhile.