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The "Fourth Party System" is the term used in political science and history for the period in American political history from the mid-1890s to the early 1930s, It was dominated by the Republican Party, excepting when 1912 split in which Democrats (led by President Woodrow Wilson) held the White House for eight years.
1930 – The Great Depression in the United States continues to worsen, reaching a nadir in early 1933. 1930 – The Motion Picture Production Code becomes set of industry censorship guidelines governing production of the vast majority of United States motion pictures released by major studios; is effective for 38 years
The Fourth Party System began because of a realignment of the Greenback Party, which dominated the greater Rust Belt region (which included upstate New York, Massachusetts, New Jersey and Baltimore), into the GOP after 1896, and a realignment of the Populist Party, which dominated the Midwest, into the Republican Party after 1900 and 1904 ...
A political realignment is a set of sharp changes in party related ideology, issues, leaders, regional bases, demographic bases, and/or the structure of powers within a government. Often also referred to as a critical election , critical realignment , or realigning election , in the academic fields of political science and political history .
Elections were held on November 4, 1930, in the middle of Republican President Herbert Hoover's term. Taking place shortly after the start of the Great Depression, the Republican Party suffered substantial losses.
The Dark Valley: A Panorama of the 1930s (2000) global political history; 816pp excerpt; Cornelissen, Christoph, and Arndt Weinrich, eds. Writing the Great War – The Historiography of World War I from 1918 to the Present (2020) free download; full coverage for major countries. Gardiner, Juliet, The Thirties: An Intimate History. London ...
Building New Deal Liberalism: the Political Economy of Public Works, 1933–1956 (2005) Sundquist, James L. Dynamics of the Party System: Alignment and Realignment of Political Parties in the United States (1983) Taylor, Nick. American-Made: The Enduring Legacy of the WPA: When FDR Put the Nation to Work (2008) comprehensive history; 640pp excerpt
The Princeton Encyclopedia of American Political History dates the start of the Sixth Party system in 1980, with the election of Reagan and a Republican Senate. [16] Arthur Paulson argues, "Whether electoral change since the 1960s is called 'realignment' or not, the 'sixth party system' emerged between 1964 and 1972." [17]