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While it has been argued that this 'sponge biomarker' could have originated from marine algae, recent research suggests that the algae's ability to produce this biomarker evolved only in the Carboniferous; as such, the biomarker remains strongly supportive of the presence of demosponges in the Cryogenian. [104] [105] [106]
Spongilla is a genus of freshwater sponges containing over 200 different species. Spongilla was first publicly recognized in 1696 by Leonard Plukenet and can be found in lakes, ponds and slow streams. [2]
Sponge-like archaeocyathids were common in Nevada. [9] Brachiopods, gastropods, and sponges were also important Cambrian animals. [11] Sea levels around North America dropped at the end of the Cambrian. Ecosystems in shallow water probably devastated. [12] The Cambrian ended with a mass extinction.
Countries around the Caribbean and the Mediterranean Sea are the largest sea sponge exporters, whereas the largest importers are developed European and North-American countries. Tunisia is the world's main sea sponge exporter, exporting 90% of its sponge production. [ 16 ]
About 311 million years ago, in the Late Carboniferous, the order Spongillida split from the marine sponges, and is the only sponges to live in freshwater environments. [8] Some species are brightly colored, with great variety in body shape; the largest species are over 1 m (3.3 ft) across. [ 6 ]
The species ranges from North America to Europe and Asia. It is the most common freshwater sponge in central Europe. [2] It is the most widespread sponge in Northern Britain, and is one of the most common species of sponges in lakes and canals. [3] Spongilla lacustris have the ability to reproduce both sexually and asexually. They become ...
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Spongia is a genus of marine sponges in the family Spongiidae, originally described by Carl Linnaeus in 1759, containing more than 60 species. [1] Some species, including Spongia officinalis , are used as cleaning tools, but have mostly been replaced in that use by synthetic or plant material.