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However, poverty, stunting and lack of intellectual stimulus in low- and middle-income countries damage early development of almost half of all children aged 3 to 4, which will affect them through their lives. One of the main reasons is lack of access to early childhood education programs, particularly for poor, rural families. [2]
Stunted growth, also known as stunting or linear growth failure, is defined as impaired growth and development manifested by low height-for-age. [1] It is a manifestation of malnutrition and can be caused by endogenous factors (such as chronic food insecurity) or exogenous factors (such as parasitic infection).
Presentations of FTT comprise about 5-10% of children seen as outpatients by primary care physicians and 3-5% of hospital admissions for children. [56] [57] [58] Failure to thrive is more prevalent in children of lower socioeconomic status in both rural and urban areas. [10] FTT is also associated with lower parental education levels. [56]
The same year, an estimated 45% of deaths in children were linked to undernutrition. [26] [5] As of 2020, the prevalence of wasting among children under five in South Asia was reported to be 16% moderately or severely wasted. [24] As of 2022, UNICEF reported this prevalence as having slightly improved, but still being at 14.8%. [27]
Globally, 162 million children show symptoms of malnutrition such as stunting, which is an indicator of malnourishment. [7] The WHO reported that two out of five children that are stunted live in Southern Asia, however Africa is the only region where there is an increasing number of stunted children. [ 8 ]
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Wasting is sometimes referred to as "acute malnutrition" because it is believed that episodes of wasting have a short duration, in contrast to stunting, which is regarded as chronic malnutrition. An estimated 45 million children under 5 years of age (or 6.7%) were wasted in 2021.
In Bangladesh, students attend primary schools for six years. Primary/secondary education in Bangladesh is segregated as Primary (Pre school 1 Year + Class 1 -5), Junior High School (Class 6 - Class-10) and Higher Secondary or intermediate (11th and 12th Class) are as follows : Preschool: 5 years.-6 years. (optional) Class 1: 6-7; Class 2: 7-8