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Gypsum plaster, [12] also known as plaster of Paris, [13] is a white powder consisting of calcium sulfate hemihydrate. The natural form of the compound is the mineral bassanite . [ 14 ] [ 15 ]
While working in Haarlem at the military hospital in 1851, Mathijsen first used plaster of Paris as a bandage. [1] Until then a Belgian method was used with starch that took up to a day to dry and harden. [1] Across the street he watched workers repairing cracks in the church with strips of jute dunked in plaster of Paris.
With judicious heating, gypsum converts to the partially dehydrated mineral called bassanite or plaster of Paris. This material has the formula CaSO 4 ·( n H 2 O), where 0.5 ≤ n ≤ 0.8. [ 8 ] Temperatures between 100 and 150 °C (212–302 °F) are required to drive off the water within its structure.
The plaster is modified with the addition of animal glues such as isinglass or hide glue. 'Marezzo scagliola' is worked with the pigmented batches of plaster in a liquid state and relies mainly on the use of Keene's cement, a unique gypsum plaster product in which plaster of Paris was steeped in alum or borate, then burned in a kiln and ground ...
There are several different filler materials used in ceramics including plaster of Paris and other commercially available putties and fillers. Plaster of Paris is a material that consists of calcium sulphate hemihydrate power and is produced by heating gypsum to 120 °C.
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