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Solvent bonding differs from adhesive bonding, because the solvent does not become a permanent addition to the joined substrate. [4] Solvent bonding differs from other plastic welding processes in that heating energy is generated by the chemical reaction between the solvent and thermoplastic, and cooling occurs during evaporation of the solvent ...
A polycarbonate is an oxocarbon dianion consisting of a chain of carbonate units, where successive carbonyl groups are directly linked to each other by shared additional oxygen atoms. That is, they are the conjugate bases of polycarbonic acids , the conceptual anhydrides of carbonic acid , or polymers of carbon dioxide .
Direct bonding, or fusion bonding, is a wafer bonding process without any additional intermediate layers. It is based on chemical bonds between two surfaces of any material possible meeting numerous requirements. [1] These requirements are specified for the wafer surface as sufficiently clean, flat and smooth.
The siloxane bond can then form via a silanol + silanol pathway or a silanol + chlorosilane pathway: 2 R 3 Si−OH → R 3 Si−O−SiR 3 + H 2 O R 3 Si−OH + R 3 Si−Cl → R 3 Si−O−SiR 3 + HCl. Hydrolysis of a silyldichloride can afford linear or cyclic products. Linear products are terminated with silanol groups: n R 2 Si(OH) 2 → H(R ...
The C–Si bond is somewhat polarised towards carbon due to carbon's greater electronegativity (C 2.55 vs Si 1.90), and single bonds from Si to electronegative elements are very strong. [14] Silicon is thus susceptible to nucleophilic attack by O − , Cl − , or F − ; the energy of an Si–O bond in particular is strikingly high.
When bonding plastics, in particular with solvent-based adhesives, diffusion processes can also play a role. In this case, the plastic at the substrate surface is dissolved by the solvent contained in the adhesive. This leads to an increased mobility of the plastic's polymer chains, which in turn allows penetration by those of the adhesive.
Pressure sensitive adhesives are viscoelastic polymers with their rheology tuned to the desired bonding and de-bonding characteristics needed. [5] Typical materials used to make the adhesive include: acrylate polymer, [6] rubber, either natural rubber or synthetic thermoplastic elastomer [7] silicone rubber; and others
Polycarbonate is commonly used in eye protection, as well as in other projectile-resistant viewing and lighting applications that would normally indicate the use of glass, but require much higher impact-resistance. Polycarbonate lenses also protect the eye from UV light.
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