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Many causes of secondary FSGS contribute to podocyte injury through hyperfiltration, which is a scenario of excess filtration by renal glomeruli. [24] Hyperfiltration can be caused by obesity, diabetes or loss of the contralateral kidney, among other causes. [24] Secondary FSGS can also be caused by toxins, including anabolic steroids and ...
FSGS is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in African-Americans and Hispanics, and can affect both children and adults. FSGS is usually treated with steroids, although it has an inconsistent response, and for that reason, especially in adults—FSGS can involve more and more segments of the kidney’s glomeruli to the point where it ...
Scarring disturbs the filtering process of the kidneys and allows protein to leak from the blood into the urine. However, glomerulosclerosis is one of many causes of proteinuria. A kidney biopsy (the removal of a tiny part of the kidney with a needle) may be necessary to determine whether a patient has glomerulosclerosis or another kidney problem.
HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) refers to kidney disease developing in association with infection by human immunodeficiency virus, the virus that causes AIDS.The most common, or "classical", type of HIV-associated nephropathy is a collapsing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), though other forms of kidney disease may also occur. [1]
The increase in the number of mesangial cells can be diffuse or local and immunoglobulin and/or complement deposition can also occur. MesPGN is associated with a variety of disease processes affecting the glomerulus, though can be idiopathic. The clinical presentation of MesPGN usually consists of hematuria or nephrotic syndrome. [2]
Nephrotic syndrome has many causes and may either be the result of a glomerular disease that can be either limited to the kidney, called primary nephrotic syndrome (primary glomerulonephrosis), or a condition that affects the kidney and other parts of the body, called secondary nephrotic syndrome.
A large part of this difficulty is due to a lack of ability to predict which people will progress to end-stage kidney disease, or kidney disease severe enough to require dialysis. Because the above medications carry risk, treatment should not be initiated without careful consideration as to risk/benefit profile.
It can be part of a number of medical conditions particularly diabetic nephropathy (kidney damage associated with diabetes). [1] There is no universally accepted definition of glomerular hyperfiltration, and little research has been done on the pathophysiological mechanisms, which are likely to change depending on the underlying ailment. [2]