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Phonology, the systematic use of sound to encode meaning in any spoken human language (natural language or constructed language); Morphology, the structure of meaningful units of a language, such as words and affixes; Lexicology, the study of words; Syntax, the principles and rules for constructing phrases, clauses, and the like in human languages;
Marginalization of Written Language: Written language is often viewed as a secondary representation of spoken language, though this view varies among different structuralist approaches. [ 4 ] Connection to Social, Behavioral, or Cognitive Aspects : Structuralists are ready to link the structure of langue to broader phenomena beyond language ...
Linguistics is the scientific study of language. [1] [2] [3] The areas of linguistic analysis are syntax (rules governing the structure of sentences), semantics (meaning), morphology (structure of words), phonetics (speech sounds and equivalent gestures in sign languages), phonology (the abstract sound system of a particular language, and analogous systems of sign languages), and pragmatics ...
Morphological typology is a way of classifying the languages of the world that groups languages according to their common morphological structures. The field organizes languages on the basis of how those languages form words by combining morphemes.
Language is a structured system of communication that consists of grammar and vocabulary.It is the primary means by which humans convey meaning, both in spoken and signed forms, and may also be conveyed through writing.
Johann Christoph Adelung collected the first large language sample with the Lord's prayer in almost five hundred languages (posthumous 1817). [5] More developed nineteenth-century comparative works include Franz Bopp's 'Conjugation System' (1816) and Wilhelm von Humboldt's 'On the Difference in Human Linguistic Structure and Its Influence on ...
Anthropological linguistics – the place of language in its wider social and cultural context, and its role in making and maintaining cultural practices and societal structures; Historical linguistics – study of historical language change over time Comparative linguistics – comparing languages to find similarities and historical connections
Humans can use language to talk about language. Also a very defining feature of human language, reflexiveness is a trait not shared by animal communication. With reflexiveness, humans can describe what language is, talk about the structure of language, and discuss the idea of language with others using language.