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Totem poles and houses at ʼKsan, near Hazelton, British Columbia.. Totem poles serve as important illustrations of family lineage and the cultural heritage of the Indigenous peoples in the islands and coastal areas of North America's Pacific Northwest, especially British Columbia, Canada, and coastal areas of Washington and southeastern Alaska in the United States.
These memorial poles were typically placed in front of the owners' house along the beach. [2] The Nisga'a crest poles were acquired by C.M. Barbeau, and the Royal Ontario Museum received them in the early 1920s. However, due to the large size of the poles, they could not be put on display until an expansion of the museum in 1933, when the ...
social (totems regulate marriage, and often a person cannot eat the flesh of their totem), cult (totems associated with a secret organization), conception (multiple meanings), dream (the person appears as this totem in others' dreams), classificatory (the totem sorts people) and; assistant (the totem assists a healer or clever person).
The Nisga'a Nation created totem poles to record traditional stories and histories known as adaawak, giving the poles cultural importance as family treasures and constitutional devices. [3] Indigenous scholar Amy Parent (also known as Sigidimnak' Nox̱s Ts'aawit) referred to the Ni'isjoohl pole itself as "a living constitutional and visual ...
Totem poles were less common in Coast Salish culture than with neighboring non-Salish Pacific Northwest Coast peoples such as the Haida, Tsimshian, Tlingit, and Kwakiutl tribes. It wasn't until the twentieth century that the totem pole tradition was adopted by the northern Coast Salish peoples including the Cowichan, Comox, Pentlatch, Musqueam ...
The totem poles carved normally tell a story, and Tlingit artists carve subjects like animals into the totem poles. These pictures are aligned in a column down the pole, in order from top to bottom. The poles are put on outside corners of "traditional dwellings", used to structurally support their interiors, or placed on shores.
The CCC and the US Forest Service commissioned the replication of 16 poles between 1939 and 1942. John Wallace was placed in charge of this effort [2] [3] In 1939 John Wallace, considered the "last of the Professional Haida totem-carvers" was hired to demonstrated his pole carving at the Golden Gate International Exposition, Treasure Island. [4]
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