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The TKE can be defined to be half the sum of the variances σ² (square of standard deviations σ) of the fluctuating velocity components: = (+ +) = ((′) ¯ + (′) ¯ + (′) ¯), where each turbulent velocity component is the difference between the instantaneous and the average velocity: ′ = ¯ (Reynolds decomposition).
In the physics of gas molecules, the root-mean-square speed is defined as the square root of the average squared-speed. The RMS speed of an ideal gas is calculated using the following equation: v RMS = 3 R T M {\displaystyle v_{\text{RMS}}={\sqrt {3RT \over M}}}
The root mean square acceleration (G rms) is the square root of the area under the ASD curve in the frequency domain. The G rms value is typically used to express the overall energy of a particular random vibration event and is a statistical value used in mechanical engineering for structural design and analysis purposes.
Particle velocity (denoted v or SVL) is the velocity of a particle (real or imagined) in a medium as it transmits a wave. The SI unit of particle velocity is the metre per second (m/s). In many cases this is a longitudinal wave of pressure as with sound , but it can also be a transverse wave as with the vibration of a taut string.
In fluid dynamics, the CV, also referred to as Percent RMS, %RMS, %RMS Uniformity, or Velocity RMS, is a useful determination of flow uniformity for industrial processes. The term is used widely in the design of pollution control equipment, such as electrostatic precipitators (ESPs), [ 15 ] selective catalytic reduction (SCR), scrubbers, and ...
In fluid dynamics, normalized root mean square deviation (NRMSD), coefficient of variation (CV), and percent RMS are used to quantify the uniformity of flow behavior such as velocity profile, temperature distribution, or gas species concentration. The value is compared to industry standards to optimize the design of flow and thermal equipment ...
Thermal velocity or thermal speed is a typical velocity of the thermal motion of particles that make up a gas, liquid, etc. Thus, indirectly, thermal velocity is a measure of temperature. Technically speaking, it is a measure of the width of the peak in the Maxwell–Boltzmann particle velocity distribution.
The rms velocity V of the massive object, of mass M, is related to the rms velocity of the background stars by where is the mass of the background stars. The gravitational force from the massive object causes nearby stars to move faster than they otherwise would, increasing both v ⋆ {\displaystyle v_{\star }} and V . [ 25 ]