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Early symptoms include intoxication, vomiting and abdominal pain. [1] Later symptoms may include a decreased level of consciousness, headache, and seizures. [1] Long term outcomes may include kidney failure and brain damage. [1] Toxicity and death may occur after drinking even in a small amount [1] as ethylene glycol is more toxic than other diols.
Alcohol dehydrogenase instead enzymatically converts ethanol to acetaldehyde, a less toxic organic molecule. [ 15 ] [ 20 ] Additional treatment may include sodium bicarbonate for metabolic acidosis, and hemodialysis or hemodiafiltration to remove methanol and formate from the blood. [ 15 ]
In clinical studies, metadoxine has been reported to reduce the half-life of ethanol in healthy volunteers and in acutely intoxicated patients; to accelerate the metabolism of alcohol and acetaldehyde into less toxic higher ketones and to improve their urinary clearance; to restore laboratory variables such as alcohol, ammonia, γ-GT, and alanine aminotransferase; and to improve clinical ...
Sex: Women are twice as susceptible to alcohol-related liver disease, and may develop alcoholic liver disease with shorter durations and doses of chronic consumption. The lesser amount of alcohol dehydrogenase secreted in the gut, higher proportion of body fat in women, and changes in alcohol absorption due to the menstrual cycle may explain ...
The major criteria include liver disease with portal hypertension; kidney failure; the absence of shock, infection, recent treatment with medications that affect the function of the kidney (nephrotoxins), and fluid losses; the absence of sustained improvement in kidney function despite treatment with 1.5 litres of intravenous normal saline; the ...
The treatment depends on the type of organism involved. Common causes of bacterial pneumonia include Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Streptococcus pneumoniae . These would be treated with antibiotics.
A person consuming a dangerous amount of alcohol persistently can develop memory blackouts and idiosyncratic intoxication or pathological drunkenness symptoms. [36] Long-term persistent consumption of excessive amounts of alcohol can cause liver damage and have other deleterious health effects.
The treatment of kidney damage may reverse or delay the progression of the disease. [44] Kidney damage is treated by prescribing drugs: Corticosteroids : the result is a decrease in proteinuria and the risk of infection as well as a resolution of the edema.
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