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  2. Industrial processes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_processes

    Certain chemical process yield important basic materials for society, e.g., (cement, steel, aluminum, and fertilizer).However, these chemical reactions contribute to climate change by emitting carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, through chemical reactions, as well as through the combustion of fossil fuels to generate the high temperatures needed to reach the activation energies of the chemical ...

  3. Industrial catalysts - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_catalysts

    The most effective catalysts for methanol synthesis are Cu, Ni, Pd and Pt, while the most common metals used for support are Al and Si. In 1966 ICI (Imperial Chemical Industries) developed a process that is still in use today. The process is a low-pressure process that uses a Cu/ZnO/Al 2 O 3 catalyst where copper is the active material. This ...

  4. Haber process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haber_process

    The Haber process, [1] also called the Haber–Bosch process, is the main industrial procedure for the production of ammonia. [2][3] It converts atmospheric nitrogen (N 2) to ammonia (NH 3) by a reaction with hydrogen (H 2) using a finely divided iron metal catalyst: This reaction is slightly favorable in terms of enthalpy, but is disfavored in ...

  5. Fischer–Tropsch process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fischer–Tropsch_process

    The Fischer–Tropsch process (FT) is a collection of chemical reactions that converts a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, known as syngas, into liquid hydrocarbons. These reactions occur in the presence of metal catalysts, typically at temperatures of 150–300 °C (302–572 °F) and pressures of one to several tens of atmospheres.

  6. Catalysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalysis

    Catalysis. An air filter that uses a low-temperature oxidation catalyst to convert carbon monoxide to less toxic carbon dioxide at room temperature. It can also remove formaldehyde from the air. Catalysis (/ kəˈtæləsɪs /) is the increase in rate of a chemical reaction due to an added substance known as a catalyst[1][2] (/ ˈkætəlɪst /).

  7. Wacker process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wacker_process

    The Wacker process or the Hoechst-Wacker process (named after the chemical companies of the same name) refers to the oxidation of ethylene to acetaldehyde in the presence of palladium (II) chloride and copper (II) chloride as the catalyst. [1] This chemical reaction was one of the first homogeneous catalysis with organopalladium chemistry ...

  8. Ammonia production - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonia_production

    The Haber process, [7] also called the Haber–Bosch process, is the main industrial procedure for the production of ammonia. [8] [9] It converts atmospheric nitrogen (N 2) to ammonia (NH 3) by a reaction with hydrogen (H 2) using a finely divided iron metal catalyst:

  9. Chemical reactor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_reactor

    A chemical reactor is an enclosed volume in which a chemical reaction takes place. [1][2][3][4] In chemical engineering, it is generally understood to be a process vessel used to carry out a chemical reaction, [5] which is one of the classic unit operations in chemical process analysis. The design of a chemical reactor deals with multiple ...