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  2. Quartz clock - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartz_clock

    Quartz clocks and quartz watches are timepieces that use an electronic oscillator regulated by a quartz crystal to keep time. This crystal oscillator creates a signal with very precise frequency, so that quartz clocks and watches are at least an order of magnitude more accurate than mechanical clocks. Generally, some form of digital logic ...

  3. Crystal oscillator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_oscillator

    A crystal oscillator is an electronic oscillator circuit that uses a piezoelectric crystal as a frequency-selective element. [1] [2] [3] The oscillator frequency is often used to keep track of time, as in quartz wristwatches, to provide a stable clock signal for digital integrated circuits, and to stabilize frequencies for radio transmitters and receivers.

  4. Piezoelectricity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piezoelectricity

    Quartz clocks employ a crystal oscillator made from a quartz crystal that uses a combination of both direct and converse piezoelectricity to generate a regularly timed series of electrical pulses that is used to mark time. The quartz crystal (like any elastic material) has a precisely defined natural frequency (caused by its shape and size) at ...

  5. Clock - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clock

    Casio F-91W digital watch, a historically popular watch. A clock or chronometer is a device that measures and displays time. The clock is one of the oldest human inventions, meeting the need to measure intervals of time shorter than the natural units such as the day, the lunar month, and the year. Devices operating on several physical processes ...

  6. History of timekeeping devices - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_timekeeping_devices

    History of timekeeping devices. A marine sandglass. It is related to the hourglass, nowadays often used symbolically to represent the concept of time. The history of timekeeping devices dates back to when ancient civilizations first observed astronomical bodies as they moved across the sky. Devices and methods for keeping time have gradually ...

  7. Atomic clock - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_clock

    Louis Essen (right) and Jack Parry (left) standing next to the world's first caesium-133 atomic clock in 1955, at the National Physical Laboratory in west London.. The Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell proposed measuring time with the vibrations of light waves in his 1873 Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism: 'A more universal unit of time might be found by taking the periodic time of ...

  8. Real-time clock - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real-time_clock

    A real-time clock (RTC) is an electronic device (most often in the form of an integrated circuit) that measures the passage of time. Although the term often refers to the devices in personal computers, servers and embedded systems, RTCs are present in almost any electronic device which needs to keep accurate time of day.

  9. Chip-scale atomic clock - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chip-scale_atomic_clock

    A feedback mechanism keeps a quartz crystal oscillator on the chip locked to this frequency, which is divided down by digital counters to give 10 MHz and 1 Hz clock signals provided to output pins. On the chip, liquid metal caesium in a tiny 2 mm capsule, fabricated using silicon micromachining techniques, is heated to vaporize the alkali metal.