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Gondwana ( / ɡɒndˈwɑːnə /) [1] was a large landmass, sometimes referred to as a supercontinent. The remnants of Gondwana make up around two-thirds of today's continental area, including South America, Africa, Antarctica, Australia, Zealandia, Arabia, and the Indian Subcontinent. Gondwana was formed by the accretion of several cratons ...
Formed from three cratonic fragments - the Baltic Shield, Sarmatia and Volgo–Uralia. Formed part of Columbia, then Rodinia and Pannotia. Collided with Laurentia and Avalonia to form Laurussia. [1][4][2][10] Cathaysia. 1800. Continent. Fused with the Yangtze block to form the South China Craton during the Early Paleozoic.
The name "Pangaea" is derived from Ancient Greek pan (πᾶν, "all, entire, whole") and Gaia or Gaea (Γαῖα, " Mother Earth, land"). [4][9] The first to suggest that the continents were once joined and later separated may have been Abraham Ortelius in 1596. [10] The concept that the continents once formed a contiguous land mass was ...
In geology, a supercontinent is the assembly of most or all of Earth 's continental blocks or cratons to form a single large landmass. [1][2][3] However, some geologists use a different definition, "a grouping of formerly dispersed continents", which leaves room for interpretation and is easier to apply to Precambrian times. [4]
The Indian subcontinent was formerly part of Gondwana, a supercontinent formed during the late Neoproterozoic and early Paleozoic. [7] Gondwana began to break up during the Mesozoic, with Insular India separating from Antarctica 130-120 million years ago [35] and Madagascar around 90 million years ago, [36] during the Cretaceous.
Argoland, once part of the ancient supercontinent Gondwana, was long thought to be lost. But scientists discovered it splintered apart in Southeast Asia. Scientists Have Miraculously Located the ...
Rodinia (from the Russian родина, rodina, meaning "motherland, birthplace" [1][2][3]) was a Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic supercontinent that assembled 1.26–0.90 billion years ago (Ga) [4] and broke up 750–633 million years ago (Ma). [5] Valentine & Moores 1970 were probably the first to recognise a Precambrian supercontinent ...
East Gondwana. The South Polar region of the Cretaceous comprised the continent of East Gondwana –modern day Australia, Zealandia, and Antarctica–a product of the break-up of Gondwana in the Cretaceous Period. The southern region, during this time, was much warmer than it is today, ranging from perhaps 4–8 °C (39–46 °F) in the latest ...