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Philoi (Ancient Greek: φίλοι; sg. φίλος philos) is a word that roughly translates to 'friends'. This type of friendship is based on the characteristically Greek value for reciprocity as opposed to a friendship that exists as an end to itself. [1]
Philia (φιλία, philía) means "affectionate regard, friendship", usually "between equals". [8] It is a dispassionate virtuous love. [9] In Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics, philia is expressed variously as loyalty to friends ("brotherly love"), family, and community; it requires virtue, equality, and familiarity.
The grammatical and social difficulties are pointed out in respect to 1 Samuel 18:21, [48] as well as the marked difference in the Bible between sensual kissing (as in Song of Songs) and the social kiss of Near Eastern cultures, whether in greeting, or as expression of deep affection between friends and family (as found throughout the Old and ...
As Gerard Hughes points out, in Books VIII and IX of his Nicomachean Ethics Aristotle gives examples of philia including: . young lovers (1156b2), lifelong friends (1156b12), cities with one another (1157a26), political or business contacts (1158a28), parents and children (1158b20), fellow-voyagers and fellow-soldiers (1159b28), members of the same religious society (1160a19), or of the same ...
The word agape received a broader usage under later Christian writers as the word that specifically denoted Christian love or charity (1 Corinthians 13:1–8), or even God himself. The expression "God is love" (ὁ θεὸς ἀγάπη ἐστίν) occurs twice in the New Testament: 1 John 4:8;16.
Confusion can arise from the multiple meanings of the English word "love". As with other theological virtues, charity is divinely infused into the soul; it resides in the will . [ 7 ] According to Aquinas, charity is an absolute requirement for happiness, which he holds as man's last goal.
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Jonathan (Hebrew: יְהוֹנָתָן Yəhōnāṯān or יוֹנָתָן Yōnāṯān; "Yahweh has gifted") is a figure in the Book of Samuel of the Hebrew Bible.In the biblical narrative, he is the eldest son of King Saul of the Kingdom of Israel, and a close friend of David.
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