Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
T cells are one of the important types of white blood cells of the immune system and play a central role in the adaptive immune response. T cells can be distinguished from other lymphocytes by the presence of a T-cell receptor (TCR) on their cell surface. T cells are born from hematopoietic stem cells, [1] found in the bone marrow.
Immunological synapse between Jurkat T cell expressing GFP-actin (green) and Raji B cell stained with CMAC (blue). Synapse formation was induced by Staphylococcal enterotoxin E superantigen . In immunology , an immunological synapse (or immune synapse ) is the interface between an antigen-presenting cell or target cell and a lymphocyte such as ...
The inactive B and T cells are so featureless with few cytoplasmic organelles and mostly inactive chromatin that until the 1960s textbooks could describe these cells, now the central focus of immunology, as having no known function! [11] However, T and B lymphocytes are very distinct cell lineages and they ‘grow up’ in different places in ...
A lymphocyte is a type of white blood cell (leukocyte) in the immune system of most vertebrates. [1] Lymphocytes include T cells (for cell-mediated and cytotoxic adaptive immunity), B cells (for humoral, antibody-driven adaptive immunity), [2] [3] and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs; "innate T cell-like" cells involved in mucosal immunity and homeostasis), of which natural killer cells are an ...
T-cell anergy can arise when the T-cell does not receive appropriate co-stimulation in the presence of specific antigen recognition. [2] B-cell anergy can be induced by exposure to soluble circulating antigen, and is often marked by a downregulation of surface IgM expression and partial blockade of intracellular signaling pathways.
The T cell-dependent processes are subdivided into primary and secondary responses: a primary response (meaning that the T cell is present at the time of initial contact by the B cell with the antigen) produces short-lived cells that remain in the extramedullary regions of lymph nodes; a secondary response produces longer-lived cells that ...
T lymphocytes regulate the growth and differentiation of T cells and certain B cells through the release of secreted protein factors. [12] These factors, which include interleukin 2 (IL2), are secreted by lectin- or antigen-stimulated T cells, and have various physiological effects. IL2 is a lymphokine that induces the proliferation of ...
Once mature, T cells emigrate from the thymus to provide vital functions in the immune system. [11] [12] Each T cell has a distinct T cell receptor, suited to a specific substance, called an antigen. [12] Most T cell receptors bind to the major histocompatibility complex on cells of the body.