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  2. Optic neuropathy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optic_neuropathy

    The optic nerve can be damaged when exposed to direct or indirect injury. Direct optic nerve injuries are caused by trauma to the head or orbit that crosses normal tissue planes and disrupts the anatomy and function of the optic nerve; e.g., a bullet or forceps that physically injures the optic nerve.

  3. Autoimmune optic neuropathy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoimmune_optic_neuropathy

    It presents with visual loss and signs of optic nerve dysfunction, such as loss of color vision, afferent pupil defect, and sometimes abnormalities of the optic disc. The clinical features of AON can be variable and present in several unilateral or bilateral forms: Acute anterior or retrobulbar optic neuritis sometimes associated with pain ...

  4. Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anterior_ischemic_optic...

    The optic nerve is the bundle of axons that carry the visual signals from the eye to the brain. This optic nerve must penetrate through the wall of the eye, and the hole to accommodate this is usually 20-30% larger than the nerve diameter. In some patients the optic nerve is nearly as large as the opening in the back of the eye, and the optic ...

  5. Toxic and nutritional optic neuropathy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxic_and_nutritional...

    There are several causes of toxic optic neuropathy. [1] Among these are: ingestion of methanol (wood alcohol), ethylene glycol (automotive antifreeze), disulfiram (used to treat chronic alcoholism), halogenated hydroquinolones (amebicidal medications), ethambutol and isoniazid (tuberculosis treatment), and antibiotics such as linezolid and chloramphenicol as well as chloroquine and the related ...

  6. Ischemic optic neuropathy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ischemic_optic_neuropathy

    Ischemic optic neuropathy (ION) is the loss of structure and function of a portion of the optic nerve due to obstruction of blood flow to the nerve (i.e. ischemia).Ischemic forms of optic neuropathy are typically classified as either anterior ischemic optic neuropathy or posterior ischemic optic neuropathy according to the part of the optic nerve that is affected.

  7. Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-arteritic_anterior...

    The exact mechanism of optic nerve ischemia in these cases remains unclear, but contributing factors may include hypotension, anemia, hypoxia, and changes in the autoregulation of optic nerve arterial blood flow. The incidence of ischemic optic neuropathy leading to vision loss following general surgeries ranges between 0.1% and 0.002%.

  8. Optic nerve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optic_nerve

    Optic nerve hypoplasia is the underdevelopment of the optic nerve resulting in little to no vision in the affected eye. Tumors, especially those of the pituitary gland, can put pressure on the optic nerve causing various forms of visual loss. Similarly, cerebral aneurysms, a swelling of blood vessel(s), can also affect the nerve. Trauma can ...

  9. Optic neuritis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optic_neuritis

    There is contrast enhancement of the symptomatic optic nerve and sheaths acutely or intrinsic signal increase (looking brighter) within ≥ 3 months. [1] Magnetic Resonnance Imaging (MRI) during an episode of optic neuritis. Advanced imaging using optical coherence tomography (OCT) is very sensitive reveal damage to the optic nerve. The OCT ...

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