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File:ELCB wiring diagram - FU-Schalter.svg. ... English: Schematic diagram of an "Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker" (ELCB) switch. Date: 10 December 2011 (upload date)
The Earth circuit is modified when an ELCB is used; the connection to the Earth rod is passed through the ELCB by connecting to its two Earth terminals. One terminal goes to the installation Earth CPC ( circuit protective conductor, aka Earth wire), and the other to the Earth rod (or sometimes other type of Earth connection).
The diagram shows leakage current from an appliance such as an electric motor A flowing through the building's ground system G to the neutral wire at the utility ground bonding point at the service panel. The ground loop between components C1 and C2 creates a second parallel path for the current. [8]
This practice arose from the three-wire system used to supply both 120 volt and 240 volt loads. Because these listed appliances often have components that use either 120, or both 120 and 240 volts, there is often some current on the neutral wire. This differs from the protective grounding wire, which only carries current under fault conditions.
An earth ground connection of the system dissipates such potentials and limits the rise in voltage of the grounded system. In a mains electricity (AC power) wiring installation, the term ground conductor typically refers to two different conductors or conductor systems as listed below:
A relay Electromechanical relay principle Electromechanical relay schematic showing a control coil, four pairs of normally open and one pair of normally closed contacts An automotive-style miniature relay with the dust cover taken off. A relay is an electrically operated switch. It consists of a set of input terminals for a single or multiple ...
It is common to measure phantom voltages of 50–90 V in testing the wiring of ordinary 120 V circuits with a high-impedance instrument. The voltage produced may read almost to the full supply voltage, but the capacitance or mutual inductance between the wires of building wiring systems is typically quite low and incapable of supplying ...
A separate pilot wire is run from distribution/ equipment supply system in addition to earth wire, to supervise the continuity of the wire. This is used in the trailing cables of mining machinery. [19] If the earth wire is broken, the pilot wire allows a sensing device at the source end to interrupt power to the machine.
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