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The test is performed by using a tendon hammer to quickly depress the biceps brachii tendon [3] as it passes through the cubital fossa. Specifically, the test activates the stretch receptors inside the biceps brachii muscle which communicates mainly with the C5 spinal nerve and partially with the C6 spinal nerve to induce a reflex contraction ...
The acoustic reflex (also known as the stapedius reflex, [1] stapedial reflex, [2] auditory reflex, [3] middle-ear-muscle reflex (MEM reflex, MEMR), [4] attenuation reflex, [5] cochleostapedial reflex [6] or intra-aural reflex [6]) is an involuntary muscle contraction that occurs in the middle ear in response to loud sound stimuli or when the person starts to vocalize.
However, there is an inhibitory interneuron used to relax the antagonistic hamstring muscle (reciprocal innervation). This test of a basic automatic reflex may be influenced by the patient consciously inhibiting or exaggerating the response; the doctor may use the Jendrassik maneuver in order to ensure a more valid reflex test.
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Once an appropriate animal has been selected—whether for a specific locomotor function (i.e. frogs for jumping); or a specific animal strain, to answer a research question—a specific muscle is identified based on its in vivo function and fibre type distribution. Following ethical approval, and if necessary, government approval, the animal ...
The ankle jerk reflex, also known as the Achilles reflex, occurs when the Achilles tendon is tapped while the foot is dorsiflexed.It is a type of stretch reflex that tests the function of the gastrocnemius muscle and the nerve that supplies it.
A commonly known and very basic test is the arm-pull-down test, or "Delta test," where the patient resists as the practitioner exerts a downward force on an extended arm. [16] Proper positioning is paramount to ensure that the muscle in question is isolated or positioned as the prime mover, minimizing interference from adjacent muscle groups. [12]
In clinical practice, hand muscles are most often evaluated using manual muscle strength testing using the Medical Research Council (MRC) Scale. [1] In this scale, muscle strength is graded on a scale from 0 to 5.