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The U.S. Geological Survey developed SELDM in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration to help develop planning-level estimates of event mean concentrations, flows, and loads in stormwater from a site of interest and from an upstream basin. SELDM uses information about a highway site, the associated receiving-water basin ...
WEAP links to the USGS MODFLOW groundwater flow model and the US EPA QUAL2K surface water quality model. WEAP was created in 1988 and continues to be developed and supported by the U.S. Center of the Stockholm Environment Institute , a non-profit research institute based at Tufts University in Somerville , Massachusetts.
A stream hydrograph is commonly determining the influence of different hydrologic processes on discharge from the subject catchment. Because the timing, magnitude, and duration of groundwater return flow differs so greatly from that of direct runoff, separating and understanding the influence of these distinct processes is key to analyzing and simulating the likely hydrologic effects of ...
In hydrology, discharge is the volumetric flow rate (volume per time, in units of m 3 /h or ft 3 /h) of a stream. It equals the product of average flow velocity (with dimension of length per time, in m/h or ft/h) and the cross-sectional area (in m 2 or ft 2 ). [ 1 ]
The degree of randomness or uncertainty in the model may also be estimated using stochastics, [20] or residual analysis. [21] These techniques may be used in the identification of flood dynamics, [ 22 ] [ 23 ] storm characterization, [ 24 ] [ 25 ] and groundwater flow in karst systems.
The first routine measurements of river flow in England began on the Thames and Lea in the 1880s, [2] and in Scotland on the River Garry in 1913. [3] The national gauging station network was established in its current form by the early 1970s and consists of approximately 1500 flow measurement stations supplemented by a variable number of temporary monitoring sites. [2]
In a nozzle or other constriction, the discharge coefficient (also known as coefficient of discharge or efflux coefficient) is the ratio of the actual discharge to the ideal discharge, [1] i.e., the ratio of the mass flow rate at the discharge end of the nozzle to that of an ideal nozzle which expands an identical working fluid from the same initial conditions to the same exit pressures.
The United States Geological Survey (USGS) defines it as the period between October 1 of one year and September 30th of the next, [2] [3] as late September to early October is the time for many drainage areas in the US to have the lowest stream flow and consistent ground water levels. The water year is designated by the calendar year in which ...