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Stream Gaging Station, Carnation, Washington Automated direct measurement of stream discharge is difficult at present. Mathematically, measuring stream discharge is estimating the volumetric flow rate, which is in general a flux integral and thus requires many cross-sectional velocity measurements.
A discharge is a measure of the quantity of any fluid flow over unit time. The quantity may be either volume or mass. Thus the water discharge of a tap (faucet) can be measured with a measuring jug and a stopwatch. Here the discharge might be 1 litre per 15 seconds, equivalent to 67 ml/second or 4 litres/minute. This is an average measure.
In hydrology, a rating curve is a graph of discharge versus stage for a given point on a stream, usually at gauging stations, where the stream discharge is measured across the stream channel with a flow meter. [1] Numerous measurements of stream discharge are made over a range of stream stages.
They wade into the stream to make the measurement or do so from a boat, bridge, or cableway over the stream. For each gaging station, a relation between gage height and streamflow is determined by simultaneous measurements of gage height and streamflow over the natural range of flows (from very low flows to floods).
The discharge is measured at a specific point in a river and is typically time variant. Approach Segment the river flow before the storm (antecedent flow). Rising limb The rising limb of the hydrograph, also known as concentration curve, reflects a prolonged increase in discharge from a catchment area, typically in response to a rainfall event.
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At a gaging station south of Naper in Boyd County, the river's mean discharge was 138.6 cubic feet per second (3.92 m 3 /s). The maximum mean annual discharge was 389.4 cubic feet per second (11.03 m 3 /s), recorded in 1962; the minimum mean annual discharge was 44.5 cubic feet per second (1.26 m 3 /s), recorded in 1976. [14]
The Embudo Stream Gauging Station is a stream gauge established in 1888 as the United States Geologic Survey's first training center for hydrographers. The station, near the town of Embudo along the Rio Grande in northern New Mexico , was used to develop tools and techniques for measuring stream flow in the arid, western United States.